kb.h

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/*
Copyright (c) 2026 MrXie1109
 
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
*/
 
#pragma once
#ifdef _WIN32
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN // 排除不常用的 Windows 组件
#define NOMINMAX 1          // 避免 min/max 宏污染
#define NOGDI               // 不需要图形设备接口
#define NOUSER              // 不需要窗口管理
#define NOSERVICE           // 不需要服务
#define NOMCX               // 不需要媒体中心扩展
#define NOHELP              // 不需要 WinHelp
#define NOSOUND             // 不需要声音
#define NOCOMM              // 不需要串口
#define NOKANJI             // 不需要日文
#define NOCLIPBOARD         // 不需要剪贴板
#define NOCOLOR             // 不需要颜色表
#define NODRAWTEXT          // 不需要 DrawText
#define NOMENUS             // 不需要菜单
#define NOICONS             // 不需要图标
#define NOSYSCOMMANDS       // 不需要系统命令
#define NORASTEROPS         // 不需要光栅操作
#define NOSHOWWINDOW        // 不需要 ShowWindow
#define NOATOM              // 不需要原子表
#define NOCTLMGR            // 不需要控件管理器
#define NOMETAFILE          // 不需要元文件
#define NOOPENFILE          // 不需要 OpenFile
#define NOSCROLL            // 不需要滚动条
#define NOTEXTMETRIC        // 不需要文本度量
#define NOWH                // 不需要 Windows 挂钩
#define NOPROFILER          // 不需要性能分析器
#define NODEFERWINDOWPOS    // 不需要窗口位置调整
#include <conio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#else
#include <poll.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#include <iostream>
 
namespace console {
    enum class Key : int {
        None    = 0,
        Unknown = 1,
 
        A = 'A',
        B,
        C,
        D,
        E,
        F,
        G,
        H,
        I,
        J,
        K,
        L,
        M,
        N,
        O,
        P,
        Q,
        R,
        S,
        T,
        U,
        V,
        W,
        X,
        Y,
        Z,
 
        Num0 = '0',
        Num1,
        Num2,
        Num3,
        Num4,
        Num5,
        Num6,
        Num7,
        Num8,
        Num9,
 
        Space = ' ',
 
        Enter     = 13,
        Esc       = 27,
        Backspace = 127,
        Tab       = 9,
 
        Up = 1000,
        Down,
        Left,
        Right,
 
        F1,
        F2,
        F3,
        F4,
        F5,
        F6,
        F7,
        F8,
        F9,
        F10,
        F11,
        F12,
    };

    inline std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, Key k) {
        if ((k >= Key::A && k <= Key::Z) || (k >= Key::Num0 && k <= Key::Num9))
            return os << static_cast<char>(k);
        if (k >= Key::F1 && k <= Key::F12)
            return os << "<F"
                      << static_cast<int>(k) - static_cast<int>(Key::F1) + 1
                      << '>';
        switch (k) {
        case Key::Space:
            os << "<space>";
            break;
        case Key::Enter:
            os << "<enter>";
            break;
        case Key::Esc:
            os << "<esc>";
            break;
        case Key::Backspace:
            os << "<backspace>";
            break;
        case Key::Tab:
            os << "<tab>";
            break;
        case Key::Up:
            os << "<up>";
            break;
        case Key::Down:
            os << "<down>";
            break;
        case Key::Left:
            os << "<left>";
            break;
        case Key::Right:
            os << "<right>";
            break;
        case Key::None:
            os << "<none>";
            break;
        default:
            os << "<unknown>";
            break;
        }
        return os;
    }

    class Keyboard {
    public:
        Keyboard() {
#ifdef _WIN32
            hStdin = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
            GetConsoleMode(hStdin, &oldMode);
            SetConsoleMode(
                hStdin, oldMode & ~(ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT | ENABLE_LINE_INPUT));
#else
            tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &oldTio);
            struct termios newTio = oldTio;
            newTio.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO);
            newTio.c_cc[VMIN]  = 0;
            newTio.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
            tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &newTio);
#endif
        }

        ~Keyboard() {
#ifdef _WIN32
            SetConsoleMode(hStdin, oldMode);
#else
            tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &oldTio);
#endif
        }

        Keyboard(const Keyboard &) = delete;

        Keyboard(Keyboard &&) = delete;

        Keyboard &operator=(const Keyboard &) = delete;

        Keyboard &operator=(Keyboard &&) = delete;

        Key get() {
            int raw = readRaw();
            if (raw == -1) return Key::None;
            return parse(raw);
        }

        Key wait() {
            while (true) {
                int raw = readRawBlock();
                if (raw != -1) return parse(raw);
            }
        }

        void ignore(int n = -1) {
            for (int i = 0; i != n && get() != Key::None; i++);
        }
 
    private:
#ifdef _WIN32
        HANDLE hStdin;  
        DWORD  oldMode; 
#else
        struct termios oldTio; 
#endif

        int readRaw() {
#ifdef _WIN32
            if (_kbhit()) return _getch();
            return -1;
#else
            struct pollfd pfd = {STDIN_FILENO, POLLIN, 0};
            if (poll(&pfd, 1, 0) <= 0) return -1;
            unsigned char c;
            if (read(STDIN_FILENO, &c, 1) != 1) return -1;
            return c;
#endif
        }

        int readRawBlock() {
#ifdef _WIN32
            return _getch();
#else
            unsigned char c;
            struct pollfd pfd = {STDIN_FILENO, POLLIN, 0};
            while (true) {
                if (poll(&pfd, 1, -1) > 0) {
                    if (read(STDIN_FILENO, &c, 1) == 1) return c;
                }
            }
#endif
        }

        Key parse(int raw) {
            if ((raw >= 'A' && raw <= 'Z') || (raw >= '0' && raw <= '9')) {
                return static_cast<Key>(raw);
            }
            if (raw >= 'a' && raw <= 'z') {
                return static_cast<Key>(raw - 32);
            }
            switch (raw) {
            case ' ':
                return Key::Space;
            case 13:
                return Key::Enter;
            case 27:
                return handleEscape();
            case 8:
            case 127:
                return Key::Backspace;
            case 9:
                return Key::Tab;
            }
#ifdef _WIN32
            if (raw == 0xE0 || raw == 0x00) {
                int ext = _getch();
                switch (ext) {
                case 0x48:
                    return Key::Up;
                case 0x50:
                    return Key::Down;
                case 0x4B:
                    return Key::Left;
                case 0x4D:
                    return Key::Right;
                case 0x3B:
                    return Key::F1;
                case 0x3C:
                    return Key::F2;
                case 0x3D:
                    return Key::F3;
                case 0x3E:
                    return Key::F4;
                case 0x3F:
                    return Key::F5;
                case 0x40:
                    return Key::F6;
                case 0x41:
                    return Key::F7;
                case 0x42:
                    return Key::F8;
                case 0x43:
                    return Key::F9;
                case 0x44:
                    return Key::F10;
                case 0x85:
                    return Key::F11;
                case 0x86:
                    return Key::F12;
                }
            }
#endif
            return Key::Unknown;
        }

        Key handleEscape() {
#ifndef _WIN32
            struct pollfd pfd = {STDIN_FILENO, POLLIN, 0};
            if (poll(&pfd, 1, 5) <= 0) return Key::Esc;
            char seq[3];
            int  n = read(STDIN_FILENO, seq, 3);
            if (n >= 2 && seq[0] == '[') {
                switch (seq[1]) {
                case 'A':
                    return Key::Up;
                case 'B':
                    return Key::Down;
                case 'C':
                    return Key::Right;
                case 'D':
                    return Key::Left;
                }
            }
#endif
            return Key::Esc;
        }
    };
}